{"id":6244114,"date":"2021-10-21T06:38:23","date_gmt":"2021-10-21T06:38:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=6244114"},"modified":"2021-10-21T13:38:23","modified_gmt":"2021-10-21T06:38:23","slug":"hoa-chat-xu-ly-nuoc-thai-cong-nghiep-pho-bien-hien-nay","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/hoa-chat-xu-ly-nuoc-thai-cong-nghiep-pho-bien-hien-nay\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00d3A CH\u1ea4T X\u1eec L\u00dd N\u01af\u1edaC TH\u1ea2I C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P PH\u1ed4 BI\u1ebeN HI\u1ec6N NAY"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">H\u00d3A CH\u1ea4T X\u1eec L\u00dd N\u01af\u1edaC TH\u1ea2I C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P PH\u1ed4 BI\u1ebeN HI\u1ec6N NAY<\/h1>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p,.. l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH, kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, tr\u1ee3 n\u1eafng, kh\u1eed m\u00e0u,\u2026m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn cho m\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/nganh-nghe\/cong-nghiep-co-khi-cong-nghiep-102\/hoa-chat-va-may-moc-cong-nghiep\/\"><strong>h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mcetoc_1emefbfei1\">1. X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u00fang bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd an to\u00e0n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mcetoc_1eroc9svu0\">2. V\u00ec sao x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quan tr\u1ecdng?<\/h2>\n<p>Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110em\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ea1ch cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh.<\/li>\n<li>X\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p,\u00a0nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y: B\u1edfi \u0111a s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, t\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ecdng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u1eb7n b\u00e3. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i s\u1ebd g\u00e2y nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u00e0 th\u1ea3i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u00ec s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u1eed ph\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy ph\u1ea1m ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"mcetoc_1emefbfei1\">3. <a href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/nganh-nghe\/cong-nghiep-co-khi-cong-nghiep-102\/hoa-chat-va-may-moc-cong-nghiep\/\">H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/a> l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/h2>\n<p>H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i\u00a0l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi chung c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u00fap\u00a0x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecb \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, b\u1ecb l\u1eabn c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c mang ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ec7nh nguy hi\u1ec3m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec7n nay vi\u1ec7c\u00a0kh\u1eed s\u1ea1ch ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t hay t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u1ed5 ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.\u00a0C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c, d\u1ea7u m\u1ee1,\u2026 c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p ra c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1eb7n b\u00e3, ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n. Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3 ra ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh th\u00e1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay nh\u01b0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc PAC,\u00a0Javen,\u00a0Polimer, H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 (Ph\u00e8n nh\u00f4m sunfat,\u00a0ph\u00e8n s\u1eaft, \u2026), h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u00e0u, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed m\u00f9i, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 Ph, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ee3 l\u1eafng, h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng\u2026<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"mcetoc_1emefc21i3\">4. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n<h3 id=\"mcetoc_1f6gn37q70\"><strong>4.1 H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i\u00a0X\u00fat NaOH<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, t\u1ea1o b\u00f4ng th\u00ec h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trung h\u00f2a pH c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, trong \u0111\u00f3 NaOH \u0111ang l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p &#8211; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch\u00a0x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244123&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>NaOH 99% &#8211; X\u00fat c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00fat v\u1ea3y NaOH:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>NaOH (Natri hi\u0111roxit) hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 x\u00fat, t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng, c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng vi\u00ean, h\u1ea1t, v\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c \u1edf d\u1ea1ng dung d\u1ecbch 50%.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m r\u1ea5t h\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00ec r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 b\u1edfi kh\u00ed CO<sub>2.<\/sub><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a\u00a0NaOH:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y, b\u1ed9t gi\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u01a1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 ligin.<\/li>\n<li>Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5y, b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y\u2026 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u00f4m: Gi\u00fap l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch qu\u1eb7ng nh\u00f4m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng: \u0110\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u01a1c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 axit.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebft d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m: Gi\u00fap pha ch\u1ebf dung d\u1ecbch r\u1ee7a chai l\u1ecd hay thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y bia, pha ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd rau c\u1ee7 qu\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cho v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"mcetoc_1dn75cpuc2\"><strong>4.2 H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i PAC<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc PAC<\/strong>\u00a0(Poly Aluminium Chloride) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i ph\u00e8n nh\u00f4m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng cao ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polyme v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed\u00a0[Al<sub>2<\/sub>(OH)nCl<sub>6-n\u00a0<\/sub>]<sub>m\u00a0<\/sub>. S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf hai tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i r\u1eafn v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t.<\/p>\n<p>PAC l\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m trong nh\u00f3m tr\u1ee3 n\u1eafng, keo t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc, di\u1ec7t nh\u1ed9m, v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nu\u00f4i th\u1ee7y h\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m).[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244121&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>PAC (Poly Aluminium Chloride) \u2013 H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a PAC:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian keo t\u1ee5 nhanh, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1eafng trong cao h\u01a1n 4 \u2013 5 l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9 trong c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i chu k\u1ef3 l\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9 pH c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>\u00cdt \u0103n m\u00f2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, PAC c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 tan v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng tan c\u00f9ng kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a PAC:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>PAC d\u1ea1ng b\u1ed9t c\u00f3 m\u00e0u tr\u1eafng ng\u00e0, tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li>PAC d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng c\u00f3 m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng chanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ef1ng trong tank ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed3n nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc PAC:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9a c\u1eb7n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t nhu\u1ed9m, g\u1ed1m s\u1ee9, g\u1ea1ch, gi\u1ea5y, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ebft m\u1ed5 gia s\u00fac, ng\u00e0nh luy\u1ec7n kim.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 PAC, keo t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7n b\u1ea9n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p d\u00e2n d\u1ee5ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t, h\u1ed3 b\u01a1i tr\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t, n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng cho h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng trong tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3 k\u00eanh r\u1ea1ch t\u1ea1o n\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ho\u1ea1t. H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc PAC trong ao nu\u00f4i tr\u1ed3ng th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ao nu\u00f4i c\u00e1, ao nu\u00f4i t\u00f4m).<\/li>\n<li>L\u01b0u \u00fd khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng: T\u00f9y v\u00e0o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1eb7n l\u01a1 l\u1eedng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng keo t\u1ee5 PAC kh\u00e1c nhau. Li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng pha h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t PAC c\u1ea7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua th\u1eed tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"mcetoc_1dn75cpuc3\">4.3 H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i &#8211;\u00a0FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0(S\u1eaft Sunfat)<\/h3>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i PAC th\u00ec FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0k\u1ebft th\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh thoi m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t, tan nhanh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tan trong r\u01b0\u1ee3u.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244122&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0(S\u1eaft Sunfat) \u2013 Ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i khu ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t, b\u00e3i r\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<li>Trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chromate trong xi m\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a\u00a0FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0(S\u1eaft Sunfat):\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1ea1ng tinh th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh thoi, m\u00e0u xanh nh\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li>Tan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng tan trong r\u01b0\u1ee3u.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9: \u226598%.<\/li>\n<li>H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng tan: \u2264 0.5%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a\u00a0FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng trong ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng oxi h\u00f3a kh\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf photphat.<\/li>\n<li>Ph\u00e8n S\u1eaft FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t keo t\u1ee5 trong x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i khu ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i b\u00e3i ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i v\u00e0\u00a0n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<li>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng trong l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p keo t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf phosphate.<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t kh\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m chromate trong xi m\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tinh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<li>Nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u1ee9c \u0103n gia s\u00fac.<\/li>\n<li>L\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t s\u1eaft kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>FeSO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd g\u1ed7, ho\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a s\u01a1n n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"mcetoc_1dn75cpuc4\"><strong>4.4\u00a0H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong><strong>H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Axit H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u, kh\u00f4ng m\u00e0u, kh\u00f4ng bay h\u01a1i, n\u1eb7ng g\u1ea5p 2 l\u1ea7n n\u01b0\u1edbc. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i axit m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh\u00a0<strong><em>x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t<\/em><\/strong>, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xi m\u1ea1, d\u1ec7t nhu\u1ed9m.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_empty_space][vc_single_image image=&#8221;6244120&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221;][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><em>Phi \u0111\u1ef1ng dung d\u1ecbch Axit H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>\u00a0s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i sinh ho\u1ea1t,\u2026<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5, thu\u1ed1c nhu\u1ed9m, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea1.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>SO<sub>4<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 trung h\u00f2a pH trong x\u1eed l\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ion Mg<sup>2+<\/sup>, Ca<sup>2+<\/sup>\u00a0c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p: s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e8n l\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eaft th\u00e9p, d\u1ec7t nhu\u1ed9m, x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00ecnh \u1eafc quy, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t trong th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m (nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdt), nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, thu\u1ed9c da\u2026<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1i Sunpha<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ax\u00edt kh\u00e1c y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n: HNO<sub>3<\/sub>, HCl.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea9y r\u1eeda kim lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea1.<\/li>\n<li>Pha lo\u00e3ng ax\u00edt d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1p \u1eafc quy.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf, thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5, d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"mcetoc_1dn75cpuc5\"><strong>4.5 Dung d\u1ecbch H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0l\u00e0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/nganh-nghe\/cong-nghiep-co-khi-cong-nghiep-102\/hoa-chat-va-may-moc-cong-nghiep\/\"><strong><em>h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/em><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay. N\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf d\u1ea1ng l\u1ecfng trong su\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng m\u1ea1nh n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y u\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a trong nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1eed tr\u00f9ng, di\u1ec7t khu\u1ea9n ngo\u00e0i da.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u0103m 1994, kho\u1ea3ng 50% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0H<sub>2<\/sub>O<sub>2<\/sub>\u00a0c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ed9t gi\u1ea5y. C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ea9y tr\u1eafng kh\u00e1c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n do ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t thay th\u1ebf t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y g\u1ed1c clo.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t natri percacbonat v\u00e0 natri perborat, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda nh\u1eb9 trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9t gi\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eb7t l\u00e0 (\u1ee7i).<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t peroxide h\u1eefu c\u01a1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 dibenzoyl peroxit.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng trong y t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t s\u00e1t tr\u00f9ng v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/li>\n<li>D\u00f9ng trong x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng m\u1ea1ch PCB hay linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed\u2026<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: vietchem[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row widthopt=&#8221;&#8221; fixedbg=&#8221;&#8221; footerrow=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text] H\u00d3A CH\u1ea4T X\u1eec L\u00dd N\u01af\u1edaC TH\u1ea2I C\u00d4NG NGHI\u1ec6P PH\u1ed4 BI\u1ebeN HI\u1ec6N NAY &nbsp; \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5p,.. l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1eebng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch&#8230; <a class=\"view-article\" href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/hoa-chat-xu-ly-nuoc-thai-cong-nghiep-pho-bien-hien-nay\/\">Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":175,"featured_media":6244123,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2502],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6244114","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6244114","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/175"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6244114"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6244114\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/6244123"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6244114"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6244114"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6244114"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}