{"id":6245700,"date":"2021-11-12T03:28:22","date_gmt":"2021-11-12T03:28:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=6245700"},"modified":"2021-11-12T15:29:49","modified_gmt":"2021-11-12T08:29:49","slug":"cong-nghiep-hoa-chat-va-dinh-huong-phat-trien","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/cong-nghiep-hoa-chat-va-dinh-huong-phat-trien\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n"},"content":{"rendered":"

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m cho n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh h\u01a1n 7000 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0\u00a0c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nhe\u0323<\/b>\u00a0c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a\u00a0ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/b>\u00a0l\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111a \u0111\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecdi th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n,\u00a0<\/b>d\u1ea7u kh\u00ed<\/b>\u00a0t\u1edbi s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, ph\u1ee5 ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ph\u1ebf th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n nay<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sinh vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t cao, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c ki\u00ean tr\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c kh\u00e2u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p may, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n quen thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t\u2026<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ee3 Kim Bi\u00ean t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p, kinh doanh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u doanh nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0\u00a0Axit Sunfuric,<\/b>\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t minh v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. N\u0103m 1736, nh\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 Joshua Ward \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1i, cho ph\u00e9p oxy h\u00f3a l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit sulfuric tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. John Roebuck v\u00e0 Samuel Garbett l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u1edf Prestonpans, Scotland v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1749, t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t axit sulfuric.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i\u00a0Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/b>,<\/b>\u00a0c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ra \u0111\u1eddi r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1954. Tr\u1ea3i qua h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n

\"Ng\u00e0nh<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1980 \u2013 1985, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7t nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh. C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 70% t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh. N\u0103m 1985, n\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm t\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng cao trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi 1986, n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1991 \u2013 1995, \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c \u1edf 20%\/n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u0169ng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ef1a l\u00e0 th\u00f9ng phuy 220l, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u1ec9 x\u00e0i 1 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda, ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cao su, nh\u1ef1a, \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u00e1, s\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1850. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p k\u00e9o theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1958-1960, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng) trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0:<\/p>\n

– S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

– Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng.<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c (acqui, h\u01a1i k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7, g\u1ea1ch ch\u1ecbu l\u1eeda v.v…)<\/p>\n

– \u0110\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n sinh.<\/p>\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, t\u1eeb s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 6.000 t\u1ea5n ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t n\u0103m 1955, th\u00ec n\u0103m 1960 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 541,4 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 apatit l\u00e0 490 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 49,7 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n ( t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 90 l\u1ea7n).<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 xi m\u0103ng, t\u1eeb 8,4 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n n\u0103m 1955, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103m 1960 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 407,9 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n (t\u0103ng g\u1ea7n 50 l\u1ea7n)<\/p>\n

<\/figcaption>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0a ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng hai m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u0103m l\u1ed1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a.<\/figure>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 6 n\u0103m, C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam, C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n (x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng, s\u01a1n)… Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 45 t\u1ea5n thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n

\"T\u1ed5ng<\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (1961 – 1965)<\/b><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t tuy ch\u01b0a l\u1edbn, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eeba tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m d\u00e0i chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eadt l\u00e0 to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 2 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc trong n\u0103m 1964 , n\u0103m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0 205,26 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 supe ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t l\u00e0 135,88 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng apatit nguy\u00ean khai c\u0169ng t\u0103ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1964, \u0111\u1ea1t 864 ng\u00e0n t\u1ea5n, trong \u0111\u00f3 7.400 t\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 axit sunfuric, axit clohy\u0111ric, x\u00fat l\u1ecfng, clo l\u1ecfng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u cung c\u1ea5p pin v\u00e0 acqui cho qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cao su c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ed1p \u00f4t\u00f4 v\u1edbi s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 22,5 ngh\u00ecn b\u1ed9 (n\u0103m 1964) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean 29 ngh\u00ecn b\u1ed9 (n\u0103m 1965) ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn l\u1ed1p \u0111\u1eafp, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi cho chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng nhanh s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u\u00a0x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng<\/b>, s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xi m\u0103ng t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

K\u1ebft th\u00fac k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t trong chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng nhanh. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ba khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c :\u00a0H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, V\u0129nh Ph\u00fa (Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec – L\u00e2m Thao) v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng.<\/b><\/p>\n

Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 (1965 – 1975)<\/b><\/p>\n

S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa m\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n

Trong 20 n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1eeb h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1975, C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u ng\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf – k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c;<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1ecf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u00e0nh ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t;<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p cao su;<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n;<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p pin \u2013 acquy;<\/li>\n
  • C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng\u2026<\/li>\n
  • C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 x\u00fat, clo (cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea5y, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc), axit sunfuric ( cho c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p acquy,s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e8n) v.v… c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n do c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u1ed1c doanh \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec1u do T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n
  • Ngo\u00e0i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khu v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. Trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 hai c\u01a1 quan khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1955) V\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t (th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1967).Ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean, hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n 1976-1985 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n

    Trong k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y, nh\u1edd Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n Ninh B\u00ecnh \u0111i v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Supe ph\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t L\u00e2m Thao ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0a c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t l\u00ean 300 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m, n\u00ean s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1985 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 1,5 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1980. S\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tr\u1eeb s\u00e2u c\u0169ng t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p 2,2 l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 s\u0103m l\u1ed1p xe \u0111\u1ea1p, pin, ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda v.v… \u0111\u1ec1u t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m. \u0110i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 s\u0103m l\u1ed1p \u00f4t\u00f4, thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh r\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u01a1m.<\/p>\n

    Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m (1991 – 1995)<\/h3>\n

    M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c doanh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u1eabn gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o, chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 74,4%, trong \u0111\u00f3 hai T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfm 43%.<\/p>\n

    Khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u00edt, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong ng\u00e0nh. Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u0103m 1995 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c li\u00ean doanh \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm 13,6% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u0103m 1995 -2009<\/h3>\n

    Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng nhanh n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m cung \u1ee9ng nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00e0ng ho\u00e1 thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf; t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n thu cho ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch; c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Quy m\u00f4 v\u1ed1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty t\u1eeb 2006 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. N\u0103m 2006, t\u1ed5ng v\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7 s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 4.342 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t 6.818 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u0103ng 56,79; c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec1u v\u01b0\u1ee3t so v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec1 ra, duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 30 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 2009, ngo\u00e0i C\u00f4ng ty m\u1eb9, T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 10 C\u00f4ng ty con m\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty gi\u1eef 100% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, 10 C\u00f4ng ty tr\u00ean 50% v\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7, 11 C\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 4 C\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean danh v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t Tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ho\u00e1, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea1nh tranh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft c\u1ea3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u KHCN, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n ….<\/p>\n

    T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed7i n\u0103m cung c\u1ea5p cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n 1,4 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n ch\u1ee9a l\u00e2n g\u1ed3m supe photphat v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n l\u00e2n nung ch\u1ea3y; \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng 100% nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc; kho\u1ea3ng 1,4 – 1,6 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n NPK c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 150 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ea5n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m. Ngo\u00e0i ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 cao su (s\u0103m l\u1ed1p \u00f4t\u00f4, xe \u0111\u1ea1p, xe m\u00e1y); ch\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7t r\u1eeda, c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111i\u1ec7n h\u00f3a (pin, \u1eafcquy), ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (x\u00fat, ax\u00edt …) c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong 10 n\u0103m 1998-2008, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty l\u00e0 11,13%, chi\u1ebfm t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng 10%, gi\u1eef v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong to\u00e0n ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n

    \"NG\u00c0NH<\/p>\n

    Ng\u00e0y 23\/12\/2009, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh Ph\u1ee7 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 2180 TTg th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam (VINACHEM) v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2010, T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 ra m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111a s\u1edf h\u1eefu, trong \u0111\u00f3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 chi ph\u1ed1i, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh C\u00f4ng ty m\u1eb9 – C\u00f4ng ty con, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i T\u1ed5ng c\u00f4ng ty H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

    N\u0103m 2000 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ea1t 6.227 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u0103ng 19,7% so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 1999. (theo T\u1ed5ng C\u00f4ng ty Ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam)<\/p>\n

    Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p – n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7uho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 15%. S\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn gia t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t sinh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao (kho\u1ea3ng 10% GDP) v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111ang c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng gia t\u0103ng (theo TS. Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1nh Ti\u1ebfn). C\u00e1c d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u trang b\u1ecb an to\u00e0n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

    Nhi\u1ec1u ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf. C\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n

    N\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 v\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 kh\u00ed m\u00eatan ng\u00e0y 11\/01\/1999 \u1edf m\u1ecf than M\u1ea1o Kh\u00ea, Qu\u1ea3ng Ninh l\u00e0m 19 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, 12 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng; hay v\u1ee5 ng\u1ea1t kh\u00ed m\u00eatan ng\u00e0y 06\/07\/2000 t\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ty th\u1ee7y s\u1ea3n Cam Ranh, Kh\u00e1nh Ho\u00e0 l\u00e0m 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft (theo \u201chi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2000\u201d, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 KHCN&MT tr\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kho\u00e1 X). V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1eb7t ra nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u2013 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng.<\/p>\n

    So v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 Indonexia, Th\u00e1i Lan, Xingapo th\u00ec c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u00e3y c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf b\u00e9. Cho t\u1edbi nay, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi khai th\u00e1c d\u1ea7u th\u00f4, \u0111ang x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1ecdc d\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 d\u1ea7u m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1eeb h\u00e1o ch\u1ea5t h\u1eefu c\u01a1 nh\u01b0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m, s\u1ee3i ho\u00e1 h\u1ecdc, s\u01a1, ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo\u2026 Khai th\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf ta c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u qu\u1eb7ng, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n H\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ng\u00e0nh h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/p>\n

    Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. Trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 10% h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tham gia v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m b\u1ed9t m\u00e0u, cao su t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p, polyme, nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5. Nh\u1ef1a, mu\u1ed1i, axit v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

    Ngu\u1ed3n: eiindustrial.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t\u00a0l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m cho n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn. C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 nh\u01b0 d\u1ea7u, kh\u00ed thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, n\u01b0\u1edbc, kim… Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6245701,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2502],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6245700","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hoa-chat-cong-nghiep"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245700","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6245700"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245700\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/6245701"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6245700"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6245700"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6245700"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}