{"id":6245887,"date":"2021-11-20T03:20:51","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T03:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/?p=6245887"},"modified":"2021-11-19T09:35:11","modified_gmt":"2021-11-19T02:35:11","slug":"sa%cc%89n-pha%cc%89m-nhu%cc%a3a-sinh-ho%cc%a3c-da%cc%a3t-chua%cc%89n","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/sa%cc%89n-pha%cc%89m-nhu%cc%a3a-sinh-ho%cc%a3c-da%cc%a3t-chua%cc%89n\/","title":{"rendered":"Sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c \u0111a\u0323t chu\u00e2\u0309n?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Nh\u0103\u0300m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ca\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0323n pha\u0301p ba\u0309o v\u00ea\u0323 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng kho\u0309i v\u00e2\u0301n na\u0323n ra\u0301c tha\u0309i nh\u01b0\u0323a tr\u00ean toa\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u hi\u00ea\u0323n nay. Ca\u0301c\u00a0<strong>sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c<\/strong>\u00a0\u0111ang d\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng thay th\u00ea\u0301 ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a ta\u0301i ch\u00ea\u0301 co\u0301 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ha\u0323i cho s\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0309e con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Du\u0300 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c nh\u0103\u0301c \u0111\u00ea\u0301n r\u00e2\u0301t nhi\u00ea\u0300u va\u0300 ngay ca\u0309 ta\u0323i thi\u0323 tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam, ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t t\u01b0\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y cu\u0303ng \u0111a\u0303 b\u0103\u0301t \u0111\u00e2\u0300u \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u01b0a va\u0300o s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng. Th\u00ea\u0301 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng pha\u0309i ai cu\u0303ng hi\u00ea\u0309u chi\u0301nh xa\u0301c v\u00ea\u0300 nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c. Cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 hi\u00ea\u0309u v\u00ea\u0300 ca\u0301c ti\u00eau chu\u00e2\u0309n da\u0300nh cho ca\u0301c sa\u0309n pahamr nh\u01b0\u0323a ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c. N\u00ea\u0301u ba\u0323n cu\u0303ng \u0111ang m\u01a1 h\u00f4\u0300 v\u00ea\u0300 \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u na\u0300y, thi\u0300 ha\u0303y cu\u0303ng YP.VN\u00a0\u0111i va\u0300o ti\u0300m hi\u00ea\u0309u ngay d\u01b0\u01a1\u0301i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<h2>1.Th\u00ea\u0301 na\u0300o la\u0300 sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c?<\/h2>\n<div>\u0110\u00e2\u0300u ti\u00ean ba\u0323n c\u00e2\u0300n bi\u00ea\u0301t, s\u01b0\u0323 ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c chi\u0301nh la\u0300 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00f4 c\u01a1 nh\u01b0: CO2, H2O v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt.<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0: B\u1ed9t ng\u00f4, khoai, s\u1eafn\u2026 la\u0300 ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c ho\u0103\u0323c kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li><em>Sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c<\/em>\u00a0ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c la\u0300 sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c la\u0300m\u00a0 t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0: PLA, PHA\u2026 Ho\u1eb7c ca\u0301c g\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf nh\u01b0: PBS, PCL, PBAT\u2026 Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 sinh h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ca\u0301c ch\u00e2\u0301t: CO2, H2O v\u00e0 sinh kh\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>V\u00ea\u0300 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc (Bio-degradable process):<br \/>\nThi\u0300 qua\u0301 tri\u0300nh ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c chi\u0301nh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ef1a b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nh\u1edd v\u00e0o ca\u0301c enzim c\u1ee7a vi sinh v\u1eadt ti\u1ebft ra. Chu\u0301ng gi\u00fap sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m na\u0300y ph\u00e2n hu\u1ef7 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed polyplastic th\u00e0nh CO2 v\u00e0 H2O.<\/div>\n<div><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nhuabinhthuan.com.vn\/pic\/News\/images\/nhua-sinh-hoc-tu-huy-se-phan-huy-trong-dieu-kien-moi-truong-thich-hop.jpg\" alt=\"Nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y se\u0303 ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y trong \u0111i\u00ea\u0300u ki\u00ea\u0323n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng thi\u0301ch h\u01a1\u0323p\" \/><\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u00ea\u0303n ra trong m\u00f4\u0323t th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u. N\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a enzim. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u00e2\u0301t ph\u1ee5 gia c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc nh\u0103\u0300m t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u01b0: H2O + CO2 v\u00e0 ca\u0301c sinh kh\u1ed1i trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m sinh ho\u0323c ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh ho\u0323c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 ca\u0301c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 ta\u0301c \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u00f4\u0300m: Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea9m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2.Ph\u00e2n loa\u0323i nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y.<\/h2>\n<div>No\u0301i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nghi\u0303a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta co\u0301 th\u00ea\u0309 hi\u1ec3u\u00a0<strong>nh\u1ef1a sinh ho\u0323c<\/strong>\u00a0ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc se\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra t\u1eeb 3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Kha\u0309 n\u0103ng 1: Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9t ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c + ph\u1ee5 gia.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng 2: Nh\u1ef1a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 PE\/PP + th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt + ph\u1ee5 gia.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng 3: Nh\u1ef1a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng PE\/PP + ph\u1ee5 gia. Ph\u1ee5 gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 Alta, Chitosan hay D2W, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y\/ ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nhuabinhthuan.com.vn\/pic\/News\/images\/phan-loai-san-pham-nhua-sinh-hoc-tu-huy-theo-nguon-goc.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n loa\u0323i sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y theo ngu\u00f4\u0300n g\u00f4\u0301c\" \/><\/p>\n<div>Nh\u1ef1a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc Bio-degradable plastic hi\u00ea\u0323n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia l\u00e0 2 lo\u1ea1i:<\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Oxo-biodegradable plastic: La\u0300 loa\u0323i nh\u1ef1a sinh ho\u0323c v\u1eabn l\u00e0m t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c d\u1ea7u m\u1ecf truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. No\u0301 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c tr\u1ed9n th\u00eam ph\u1ee5 gia \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0: Alta, Chitosan, hay D2W nh\u0103\u0300m b\u1eaft n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n r\u00e3 khi tha\u0309i ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng. Ph\u1ee5 gia th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m k\u1ebft c\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a nh\u1ef1a y\u1ebfu \u0111i, khi\u00ea\u0301n chu\u0301ng d\u00ea\u0303 da\u0300ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li>Hydro-biodegradable plastic: Loa\u0323i nh\u1ef1a c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c sinh h\u1ecdc hay nh\u1ef1a h\u1eefu c\u01a1 l\u00e0m t\u1eeb b\u1ed9t ng\u00f4, b\u1ed9t g\u1ea1o, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt\u2026 Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kha\u0309 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc trong th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Nhi\u00ea\u0300u ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i \u0111ang nh\u00e2\u0300m l\u00e2\u0303n r\u0103\u0300ng: Ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c nh\u01b0a tu\u0301i ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y sinh ho\u0323c, ly, chai,\u00a0<em>h\u00f4\u0323p nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c<\/em>\u2026 c\u1ee9 v\u1ee9t ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u00e0 chu\u0301ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 h\u1ee7y. Th\u01b0\u0323c ch\u00e2\u0301t thi\u0300 vi\u00ea\u0323c na\u0300y co\u0300n c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em \u0111i \u1ee7 trong c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0: U\u0309 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (industrial composting), \u1ee7 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 (home composting), \u1ee7 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u00ean ca\u0323nh \u0111o\u0301 thi\u0300 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng se\u0303 kh\u00e1c nhau d\u1ef1a theo t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 pha tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 gia trong sa\u0309n xu\u00e2\u0301t. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u00ea\u0301u t\u00f4\u0301 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01a1i ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y: N\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n, n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f4ng h\u1ed3, hay \u0111\u1ea5t.<\/div>\n<h2>3.B\u00f4\u0323 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/h2>\n<div>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0110\u01b0\u0301ng tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c m\u00f4\u0301i \u0111e do\u0323a v\u00ea\u0300 ra\u0301c tha\u0309i nh\u01b0\u0323a toa\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u. Nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng va\u0300 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc. Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u00ea\u0300 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li>Theo \u0111o\u0301 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u ban c\u1ee7a ASTM Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf co\u0301 t\u00ean: \u201cTi\u1ec3u ban D20.96\u201d \u0111a\u0303 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nh\u1ef1a an to\u00e0n. Vi\u00ea\u0323c na\u0300y \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c, nh\u01b0\u0323a t\u01b0\u0323 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee7y ban v\u1ec1 nh\u1ef1a (D20).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>Hi\u1ec7n nay, Ti\u1ec3u ban D20.96 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t 18 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u1ef1a, t\u00fai nylon ca\u0301c loa\u0323i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc. C\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh h\u1ecdc co\u0301 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u01b0\u0300 carbon h\u1eefu c\u01a1, ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0: Th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt\u2026 ho\u1eb7c ca\u0301c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u bi\u1ec3n. Chu\u0301ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng thay v\u00ec ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ca\u0301c v\u00e2\u0323t li\u00ea\u0323u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u d\u1ea7u. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y c\u1ee7a r\u00e1c th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>nh\u1ef1a sinh h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u0323 hu\u0309y<\/strong>\u00a0sinh ho\u0323c so v\u1edbi nh\u1ef1a th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m xu\u1ed1ng chi\u0309 c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u01b0\u0303a l\u00e0 ca\u0301c lo\u1ea1i v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y khi ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n l\u1ea5p trong \u0111\u1ea5t. Khi ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y, ch\u00fang se\u0303 sinh ra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u201cs\u1ea1ch\u201d nh\u01b0: N\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00ed cacbonic (CO2) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c sinh kh\u1ed1i. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 do ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a kim lo\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u1ed1. N\u00ean khi ph\u00e2n hu\u0309y hay \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i, ca\u0301c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y hoa\u0300n toa\u0300n th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/div>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 nh\u1ef1a ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n bao g\u00f4\u0300m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D6400: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi nh\u00e3n cho ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o compost hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D5338: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o compost c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9.<\/li>\n<li>Ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D6691: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n h\u1ee7y sinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ebfu kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t d\u1ebbo trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong s\u1ed1 3 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n na\u0300y thi\u0300 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ASTM D6400 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c xem l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, r\u00f4\u0323ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\">Ngu\u1ed3n: nhuabinhthuan.com.vn<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nh\u0103\u0300m t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng ca\u0301c bi\u00ea\u0323n pha\u0301p ba\u0309o v\u00ea\u0323 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng kho\u0309i v\u00e2\u0301n na\u0323n ra\u0301c tha\u0309i nh\u01b0\u0323a tr\u00ean toa\u0300n c\u00e2\u0300u hi\u00ea\u0323n nay. Ca\u0301c\u00a0sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a sinh ho\u0323c\u00a0\u0111ang d\u00e2\u0300n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1\u0323c s\u01b0\u0309 du\u0323ng thay th\u00ea\u0301 ca\u0301c sa\u0309n ph\u00e2\u0309m nh\u01b0\u0323a ta\u0301i ch\u00ea\u0301 co\u0301 nguy c\u01a1 g\u00e2y ha\u0323i cho s\u01b0\u0301c kho\u0309e con ng\u01b0\u01a1\u0300i cu\u0303ng nh\u01b0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u01a1\u0300ng sinh tha\u0301i. Du\u0300&#8230; <a class=\"view-article\" href=\"https:\/\/yp.vn\/sa%cc%89n-pha%cc%89m-nhu%cc%a3a-sinh-ho%cc%a3c-da%cc%a3t-chua%cc%89n\/\">Xem b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":6245888,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ep_exclude_from_search":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2500],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6245887","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-san-pham-nhua-3"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245887","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6245887"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6245887\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media\/6245888"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6245887"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6245887"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/yp.vn\/KmOMlj66m\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6245887"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}